This week, P3 is publishing selected extracts from the new book ‘What we mean when we talk about leadership’, by Stuart Crainer and Des Dearlove, published last month by Infinite Ideas. They are joint creators of the Thinkers50, the original global ranking of business thought leaders, and editors of the Financial Times Handbook of Management. This latest book is based on a range of interviews with various leaders, spoken to over the course of their careers.

We worked a while ago on a book about the business turnaround of the Olympic Games. It prompted us to look into the evolution of the modern Olympic movement and to pay a visit to the Olympic Museum in Lausanne.

In the late nineteenth century things moved at a more sedentary pace. As a result, the story behind the creation of the modern Olympic Games has a lengthy period of gestation. It was in 1889 that the first important decision in a trail of decisions was made when the French government commissioned Pierre de Coubertin to report on the nation’s physical fitness and methods used to promote what it called ‘physical culture’.

De Coubertin took three years. He traveled widely and examined how other countries nurtured physical fitness among their people. ‘Everywhere I met discord and civil war had been established between the advocates of this or that form of exercise; this state of affairs seemed to me to be the result of an excessive specialization,’ he said.

‘The gymnasts showed bad will towards the rowers, the fencers towards the cyclists, the rifle marksmen towards the lawn-tennis players; peace did not even reign among the adepts of the same sports; the supporters of German gymnastics denied all merit to the Swedish and the rules of American football seemed to the English players not to make common sense.’

Eventually he returned to present his findings at the Sorbonne on 25 November 1892. In his lecture, de Coubertin recommended that international sports competitions be held periodically. The germ of an idea was planted. It was then left.

It reached the next stage in its life when de Coubertin convened an international conference in Paris. Here, he suggested that a modern version of Ancient Greece’s Olympic Games be created. It was decided that the event be held every four years. The conference attracted attendees from twelve countries and twenty-one other nations expressed an interest. A groundswell was emerging.

The conference led to the creation of the International Olympic Committee with de Coubertin as General Secretary. In laying down the rules of the modern Olympics, the Committee made a number of important decisions. They decided that participants would compete regardless of race, color, creed, class or politics and that there would be no financial prizes. ‘Olympism is not a system, it is a state of mind that can permeate a wide variety of modes of expression and no single race or era can claim a monopoly of it,’ said de Coubertin.

In 1896 the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens – the ancient city had offered to be a permanent home for the Games, but the Committee, and de Coubertin particularly, advocated that the Olympic Games be hosted by a different nation on each occasion. Forty thousand people came to watch the opening ceremony on 6 April 1896. De Coubertin expressed his hope that ‘my idea will unite all in an athletic brotherhood, in a peaceful event whose impact will, I hope be of great significance’.

What does this story offer for the modern leader? First, state your values upfront. The Olympic ideal is based on simple values and precepts, which were stated at the very start of the movement. They have lasted.

_{Extract from page 76 of 'What we mean when we talk about leadership'}